Difference between revisions of "Basic Commands"
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= | = cp = | ||
<code>-a, --archive</code> Combines the d, p and r options</br> | |||
<code>-b, --backup</code> before removal, make a backup</br> | |||
<code>-d, --no-deference</code> preserve links</br> | |||
<code>-f, --force</code> remove existing destinations without prompting</br> | |||
<code>-i, --interactive</code> show prompt before overwriting</br> | |||
<code>-l, --link</code> link files instead</br> | |||
<code>-p, --preserve</code> preserve file attributes</br> | |||
<code>-r, --recursive</code> recursively copy directories</br> | |||
= column = | |||
Arrange output in columns</br> | |||
<code>-t</code> create table | |||
= hostname = | |||
Shows the current hostname.</br> | |||
<code>-f</code> show FQDN | |||
<code>hostnamectl status</code> (default) show current system hostname and related information.</br> | |||
<code>hostnamectl set-hostname</code> set and apply a new hostname</br> | |||
= last = | |||
Show a list of last logged in users and system boots.</br> | |||
Can be refined with a username/keyword.</br> | |||
= lastb = | |||
Show a list of last failed login attempts.</br> | |||
Can be refined with a username/keyword.</br> | |||
= | = ls = | ||
List files and folders.</br> | |||
<code>-a</code> do not ignore entries starting with .</br> | |||
<code>-F</code> append a symbol to indicate type (* executable, / directory, @ symlink, = socket, | named pipe, > door)</br> | |||
<code>-h</code> (with <code>-l</code> and <code>-s</code>) print sizes like 1K 234M 5G</br> | |||
<code>-i</code> display inode number</br> | |||
<code>-l</code> use a long listing format</br> | |||
<code>-r</code> reverse order while sorting</br> | |||
<code>-s</code> display size</br> | |||
<code>-t</code> sort by time, newest first</br> | |||
= less & more = | |||
<code>space / f</code> scroll forward one screen</br> | |||
<code>enter</code> scroll forward one line</br> | |||
<code>b</code> scroll backward one screen</br> | |||
<code>d</code> scroll forward half a screen</br> | |||
<code>h</code> display help</br> | |||
<code>q</code> quit</br> | |||
<code>/string</code> search string forward</br> | |||
<code>?string</code> search string backward</br> | |||
<code>n</code> find next occurrence</br> | |||
<code>N</code> find previous occurrence (less only)</br> | |||
- | = setfacl = | ||
<code>-b</code> remove all access acls</br> | |||
<code>-d</code> apply default acl</br> | |||
<code>-k</code> remove all default acls</br> | |||
<code>-m</code> set or modify acls</br> | |||
<code>-n</code> prevent automatic recalculation of mask</br> | |||
<code>-R</code> apply recursive</br> | |||
<code>-x</code> remove access acl</br> | |||
- | = sort = | ||
Used to sort output.</br> | |||
<code>-u</code> only display unique names</br> | |||
<code>-n</code> numeric sort</br> | |||
<code>-r</code> reverse order</br> | |||
= w = | |||
Display current system information.</br> | |||
- | = watch = | ||
Execute a command every X seconds (default 2).</br> | |||
<code>watch -n X who</code> execute the who command every X seconds</br> | |||
- | = wc = | ||
Display lines (<code>-l</code>), words (<code>-w</code>), bytes (<code>-c</code>) or characters (<code>-m</code>) of file. | |||
- | = whatis = | ||
Display one-line man page description of a command.</br> | |||
= whereis = | |||
Locate the binary, source and man pages for a command.</br> | |||
= which = | |||
Locate a command.</br> | |||
= who = | |||
Display currently logged in users.</br> | |||
Latest revision as of 11:59, 22 September 2023
cp
-a, --archive Combines the d, p and r options
-b, --backup before removal, make a backup
-d, --no-deference preserve links
-f, --force remove existing destinations without prompting
-i, --interactive show prompt before overwriting
-l, --link link files instead
-p, --preserve preserve file attributes
-r, --recursive recursively copy directories
column
Arrange output in columns
-t create table
hostname
Shows the current hostname.
-f show FQDN
hostnamectl status (default) show current system hostname and related information.
hostnamectl set-hostname set and apply a new hostname
last
Show a list of last logged in users and system boots.
Can be refined with a username/keyword.
lastb
Show a list of last failed login attempts.
Can be refined with a username/keyword.
ls
List files and folders.
-a do not ignore entries starting with .
-F append a symbol to indicate type (* executable, / directory, @ symlink, = socket, | named pipe, > door)
-h (with -l and -s) print sizes like 1K 234M 5G
-i display inode number
-l use a long listing format
-r reverse order while sorting
-s display size
-t sort by time, newest first
less & more
space / f scroll forward one screen
enter scroll forward one line
b scroll backward one screen
d scroll forward half a screen
h display help
q quit
/string search string forward
?string search string backward
n find next occurrence
N find previous occurrence (less only)
setfacl
-b remove all access acls
-d apply default acl
-k remove all default acls
-m set or modify acls
-n prevent automatic recalculation of mask
-R apply recursive
-x remove access acl
sort
Used to sort output.
-u only display unique names
-n numeric sort
-r reverse order
w
Display current system information.
watch
Execute a command every X seconds (default 2).
watch -n X who execute the who command every X seconds
wc
Display lines (-l), words (-w), bytes (-c) or characters (-m) of file.
whatis
Display one-line man page description of a command.
whereis
Locate the binary, source and man pages for a command.
which
Locate a command.
who
Display currently logged in users.